Friday, December 19, 2014

Cloud upstarts: Too cheap to trust?

New Amazon competitors offer some compelling deals in the cloud, but at what price?

Hosting provider Atlantic.net launched a $0.99 per month cloud server this fall, which is significantly less expensive than the $0.013 per hour starting price for market-leader Amazon Web Services’ on-demand Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) virtual machines.

SherWeb, another mid-size hosting provider that is pivoting into the Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) market, launched a Hyper-V/SSD-flash/InfiniBand-fabric/Intel-powered cloud offering that it says beats AWS on a variety of input/output capability benchmark tests. Providers like DigitalOcean, ProfitBricks and Concerto are among others attempting to differentiate their services from AWS, Microsoft and Google on price, performance and usability.

It’s a story of David vs. Goliath in the cloud. As the public IaaS cloud computing market matures, incumbents are facing pressure left and right. Smaller and mid-size providers are aiming to steal workloads away, and some offer compelling value, at least on paper.

All of which has cloud users wondering: Are these smaller providers too cheap to trust?
The cloud computing market in recent years has been rife with horror stories of service providers going dark with little or no warning. Nirvanix, the cloud storage company that suddenly went belly up in the fall of 2013 was perhaps the most notorious case. Code Spaces was another example - after getting hacked the company, lost all its data. Cloud storage provider MegaCloud inexplicably went dark in 2013, too.

So at least one worry for customers who use small or mid-size cloud providers is whether you can trust them to be around for the long haul. There are precautions any customer should take, no matter what cloud provider is used. But backers at some of these lesser-known IaaS vendors say it’s unfair to compare them to failed businesses. “We’ve been in business 20 years,” says Manoj “Marty” Puranik, president and CEO of Atlantic.net.

Apples to Oranges

Gartner IaaS analyst Lydia Leong says there’s a fundamental difference (other than brand awareness) between big-name vendors Amazon, Microsoft and Google, and the new breed of providers entering the cloud market. Some of these new entrants are more appropriately categorized as virtual private server (VPS) vendors. Atlantic.net falls into this realm. Many of these companies have a hosting heritage and now they’re rolling out self-provisioned cloud services.

The use cases are different though, Leong says. VPS hosters tend to be ideal for small-use workloads – one or two VMs at a time. Some vendors overprovision their servers, allowing them to offer bottom-of-the-market costs. “It’s different from enterprise-class IaaS,” Leong says.

(SherWeb Product Marketing Manager Guillaume Boisvert says the company limits overprovisioning for its IaaS offering.)

The bigger issue is that these vendors don’t have nearly the product portfolio, nor the breadth and depth of features compared to bigger-name vendors. AWS is the market-leader for a reason: The company has the widest set of cloud-based tools and a network of third-party tools integrated on top of it. It’s an apples-to-oranges comparison between AWS and these other vendors. Even Microsoft, which is spending enormous money in the cloud, is still just beginning to turn heads in the IaaS market.

cloud prices

James Staten, an analyst with Forrester, says efforts by some of these small and mid-size vendors could likely end up being futile. “These are all typical tactics by smaller players who have little R&D to innovate and little opportunity for true differentiation - they fall back on price or performance,” Staten wrote in an email. “Both of these tactics are fleeting as they are easily counteracted by the big players and thus are short-term differentiators at best.”

There’s a better way for competitors to approach this market. Big vendors by their nature offer general-purpose, hyper-scale clouds. Smaller vendors could focus on specific workloads and industries, like retail, government, health care or finance, Staten says. GoGrid, for example, has successfully developed a specialty in the big-data workloads hosting market. “The better tact for these players is to focus on their customers, understand what kinds of workloads they want to run, what vertical market differences they face and specialize on complementary capabilities,” Staten says. “These are more sustainable differentiators against the big guys.”

Puranki, founder of Atlantic.net (the $0.99 server folks), said he’s not looking to take business from Amazon. He’s merely offering a significantly less expensive service for people looking to test out a cloud service. There will be room for multiple vendors in what IDC expects could be a $127 billion cloud industry. “There’s not one company that can provide services to the whole market,” he says.

Despite these providers lacking the name brand recognition of larger vendors, some companies like PlaceWise Media are happily using them. “We collect a lot of data,” says Roger Heaston, CTO of PlaceWise, which handles digital services for shopping centers, such as by hosting websites, manages social media outreach, etc. A cloud-based platform that can scale up and down based on capacity needs is ideal for PlaceWise, he says.

A couple of years ago Heaston evaluated AWS but wanted to compare it to another vendor before signing up. That’s when he found ProfitBricks, a provider that offered clear and competitive pricing and what Heaston found to be ample performance. The CTO hasn’t looked back since signing up with ProfitBricks.

Executives at smaller vendors are right: There will be room in the hosting market for a variety of providers. For enterprise customers, going with one of the big brand names like Amazon, Microsoft or Google is usually a no-brainer, but for certain workloads or price considerations, smaller providers could be an adequate fit.




 
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Tuesday, December 9, 2014

Data from wearable devices could soon land you in jail

Health privacy laws don’t cover your wearable and information it's collecting

While that fitness band or smartwatch you own may help you get in shape or never miss an appointment, the data it collects is now also fodder for criminal or civil litigation.

In what's thought to be a first-of-its-kind civil lawsuit, a personal injury lawyer in Canada used data from a Fitbit wristband in an insurance fraud case to support his client's claims.

Simon Muller, a partner in the Personal Injury Group of McLeod Law in Calgary, Alberta pushed his client's Fitbit data through an analytics platform from Vivametrica, a startup company. Vivametrica's Functional Activity Assessment tool compares activity data against that of the general population, offering a way to benchmark the results. (Muller's client voluntarily shared several months of Fitbit data with Vivametrica so it could be compared with data from other Fitbit users. His client, a former personal trainer, had been in an accident that affected her ability to work; the data was used to back up her claim.)

Cloud aggregation services for wearable data

Rick Hu, an orthopedic surgeon and CEO of Vivametrica, said the analytics software can currently only be used with activity trackers, but the company is in the process of expanding it to work with other wearable devices.

"One of the shortcomings right now is that each of the device manufacturers collects their own information," Hu said. "So it's hard to compare that data with other people's data who are not using that particular device. There is no standardization in terms of the activity data."

The company hopes to collect data using APIs from multiple wearable brands and anonymize it for research purposes.

Vivametrica's software will also be able to use APIs from health tracking platforms such as Google Fit, Apple HealthKit, Samsung Sammy and Microsoft HealthVault to aggregate data from wearable devices for comparison.

With that in mind, Hu sees the day coming when prosecutors and defense attorneys alike could use data collected from wearable devices.

"I think there are many hurdles to make it routine," he said. "But in my discussions with legal colleagues...they're quite willing to do this. I think it's better to have an open discussion...rather than have a serendipitous kind of surveillance and all of a sudden you realize your entire day has been charted on someone's computer, like Uber for instance."

"Police use social media accounts like Facebook and, going forward, will police find some way to use this data? Sure they will. That seems pretty clear," said Scott Valentine, president of Vivametrica.

Wearables are a perfect fit for litigation, according to Neda Shakoori, an attorney who leads an eDiscovery initiative with the law firm of McManis Faulkner.

Wearables not only track physical activity, but they can transmit geolocation information, and more sophisticated wearables, like Google Glass, can also take photos and videos and perform web searches.

Shakoori said she is not aware of any other civil case where data from wearables is being used to prove or disprove a claim, but "I do think that's coming down the pike. It's just a matter of time."

There are clear obstacles to gathering and using wearable data in a case where the user isn't willingly sharing it with the courts to buttress their own case. For one, the accuracy of the data could be called into question.

"I could be sitting at desk shuffling my feet and the device could track that as me walking for three hours or walking three miles a day," she said.

There are also privacy and evidentiary rules. And the cost of retrieving electronic data through legal avenues could be prohibitive, Shakoori said.
Privacy obstacles are easily circumvented

Rainey Reitman, activism director for privacy advocacy group Electronic Frontier Foundation, said wearable device companies that collect data from users in cloud services can be subpoenaed -- just as Google and Microsoft have been for years.

In just the first half of 2013, Google received requests from the U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance (FISA) court for information on between 9,000 and 10,000 user accounts; that was up from requests for info affecting between 7,000 and 8,000 accounts in the first half of 2011.

The FISA court hit up Microsoft for data related to between 15,000 and 16,000 accounts during the same period, up from requests affecting 11,000 to 12,000 accounts in the second half of 2011.

There is a clause in the privacy policies of most service providers that states they will release data in response to valid legal requests, Reitman said.

For example, Fitbit's privacy policy states it will release data "necessary to comply with a law, regulation, or valid legal process."

Another misperception about personal data is that if it contains health-related information, it is protected under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).

"Health privacy laws generally only cover certain, specific medical entities -- and wearable technology manufacturers aren't one of them," Reitman said.

Even if medical privacy laws did cover data recorded by a Fitbit band, it wouldn't matter, Reitman said, because there's an exception to HIPAA for law enforcement queries, national security and many other legal requests.

"To be clear, Fitbit and other companies could choose to challenge the subpoena. That could be a way for Fitbit to prove it's willing to stand up for the privacy of its users," Reitman said.


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